• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a series expansion device (4) for a turbine (30) in a turboag assembly (29), comprising a turbine inlet (48) and a turbine outlet (50) for the flow of exhaust gases to and from the turbine (30), a first exhaust pipe (52), which is connected to the turbine inlet (48), a second exhaust pipe (54), which is connected to the turbine outlet (50), a wastegate duct (56), which is connected to the first and second exhaust pipes (52,54) , and a fate limiting unit (60) arranged in the second exhaust pipe (54). The wastegate duct (56) has a cross-sectional area (AW) which is smaller than the cross-sectional area (Ae) of the second exhaust pipe (54). The invention also relates to a turbocharger (29) with such a series expansion device (4), an internal combustion engine (2) with such a turbocharger (29), a vehicle (1) with such an internal combustion engine (2) and a method for controlling an internal combustion engine. (2). (Fig. 3)
    公开号:SE1350110A1
    申请号:SE1350110
    申请日:2013-01-31
    公开日:2014-08-01
    发明作者:Ove Spontón
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    it pulsates. Since the EGR system is connected to the engine's exhaust system, the pressure and fate of the exhaust gases in the EGR system will vary and thus pulsate.
    On the inlet side, there is a pressure situation that is significantly more even than the strongly pulsating pressure that prevails on the exhaust side. In the EGR system, this results in a periodic strong driving pressure in the forward direction followed by a pressure in the reverse direction between the exhaust pulses. The pressure in the reverse direction drives a return fl fate, which entails a loss of power and thus increased fuel consumption as the fl fate in the forward direction must include both the useful fl fate and the return fl fate. The necessary drive pressure rises, which means that the gas exchange work increases.
    At any given operating point with respect to torque and speed of the internal combustion engine, the charge pressure is determined by the torque of a turbocharged internal combustion engine, which is run at a mixture ratio between air and fuel corresponding to lambda value 1. If EGR is used, the turbine pressure is determined by the charge pressure. drive the EGR fate. The available pressure and fl the fate of exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine is significantly higher than necessary for the turbine to perform the necessary work to drive the compressor in the turbocharger. If the turbine's efficiency is higher than desired, the net result will be a higher charge pressure, a higher rotational speed of the turbocharger's moving components, a higher cylinder pressure in the internal combustion engine and an increased friend emission from the internal combustion engine and associated components. This also leads to increased fuel economy and soot formation in the internal combustion engine oil. For these reasons, a certain exhaust fate is therefore passed by the turbine in the form of a side fate through a so-called wastegate channel.
    However, the size of the wastegate duct must be dimensioned to handle the exhaust fate even at the highest speed of the internal combustion engine, which means that the wastegate duct becomes oversized when the internal combustion engine is operated at low speeds. A wastegate valve arranged in the wastegate channel is then used to regulate and limit the exhaust flow through the wastegate channel. Since high speeds of the internal combustion engine become dimensioning for the size of the Wastegate valve, a large wastegate valve is obtained, which regularly gives poor performance at lower speeds of the internal combustion engine. In an internal combustion engine equipped with an EGR system, the wastegate valve is used to regulate the driving pressure in the EGR system, which leads to the control system becoming unstable. This means that the internal combustion engine's fuel consumption increases and that the emissions emitted from the internal combustion engine reach undesirable levels.
    It is previously known to provide a turbocharger with a series expansion device in which a fate limitation unit in the form of a throttle is arranged in an exhaust pipe connected from the turbine outlet. This means that the size of the turbine can be dimensioned according to the size of the fate limit unit in order to obtain a desired expansion through the turbine and the fate limit unit, which means that the compressor, which is driven by the turbine, gives the desired boost pressure to the internal combustion engine. However, such a known series expansion device will only be adapted for a number of predetermined operating points with respect to the drive torque and speed of the internal combustion engine.
    The document US 2002/0100280 discloses an internal combustion engine with a tubo unit, which is provided with a series expansion device in order to optimize the efficiency of the turbine of the turbo unit in order thereby to optimize the fuel economy of the internal combustion engine.
    The turbine can be equipped with controllable geometry and / or a wastegate. The internal combustion engine is also equipped with an EGR system, in which an EGR cooler and a valve are arranged.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Despite known solutions in the field, there is a need to further develop a series expansion device for a turbine in a turbocharger, which means that an internal combustion engine to which the turbocharger is connected can be driven at a number of predetermined operating points with respect to torque. with the internal combustion engine and at the same time be able to accurately regulate the drive pressure of an EGR system connected to the internal combustion engine. There is also a need to further develop an internal combustion engine with such a turbocharger, which works with low fuel consumption.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a series expansion device for a turbine in a turbocharger, which series expansion device allows a precise control of the drive pressure in an EGR system. Yet another object of the invention is to provide a series expansion device for a turbine in a turbocharger, which series expansion device allows operation of an internal combustion engine at a number of predetermined operating points with respect to the driving torque and speed of the internal combustion engine. Yet another object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine which emits low emissions.
    A further object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine which operates with low fuel consumption.
    These objects are achieved with a series expansion device of the kind mentioned in the introduction, which is characterized by the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
    These objects are also achieved with a turbocharger with such a series expansion device according to the characterizing part of claim 6, an internal combustion engine with such a turbocharger according to the characterizing part of claim 7, a vehicle with such an internal combustion engine according to the characterizing part of claim 8 and a method for regulating an internal combustion engine according to the characterizing part of claim 9.
    By arranging the fate limit unit in the second exhaust pipe and in series with the turbine, a ratio is obtained between the expansion over the turbine and the fate limit unit, respectively, which has a much smaller speed dependence on the size of the wastegate channel. Because the wastegate duct has a cross-sectional area which is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second exhaust pipe, a much smaller wastegate duct is obtained in which a wastegate valve with small dimensions can be arranged, which gives better control performance which allows a precise control of the drive pressure in The EGR system. In addition, when the ratio between the exhaust gas flow through the turbine and the wastegate duct changes, a fault attenuation is obtained as the relative error in the control with the wastegate valve becomes smaller in absolute teeth, which further increases the accuracy in the control of the drive pressure in the EGR system.
    Additional advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, as an example, a preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle comprising a series expansion device for a turbine in a turbocharger according to the present invention, shows a schematic view of an internal combustion engine with the series expansion device according to the present invention, shows a schematic view of the series expansion device according to the present invention, shows a cross-sectional view of a wastegate channel along the section I - I in Fig. 3, shows a cross-sectional view of a fate limiting unit along the section II - II in Fig. 3, shows graphs of an internal combustion engine speed in relation to the engine torque for different cross-sectional areas fl fate limit unit in the series expansion device according to the present invention, and Fig. 7 shows a fl fate diagram of a method for controlling a internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle 1, vehicle, which comprises a series expansion device 4 according to the present invention. The internal combustion engine 2 is connected to a gearbox 6 and the gearbox 6 is further connected to the drive wheel 8 of the vehicle 1. Preferably, the internal combustion engine 2 is a piston engine.
    Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an internal combustion engine 2 with the series expansion device 4 according to the present invention. According to the embodiment shown, the combustion engine 2 has four cylinders 10, each cylinder 10 accommodating a piston 12 and a combustion chamber 14. The engine 2 also has an output shaft 16. The combustion engine 2 comprises an intake system 18 for supplying air to the combustion chambers 14. and an exhaust system 20 for removing exhaust gases from the combustion chambers 14. Between the intake system 18 and the exhaust system 20 an EGR system 21 is arranged. The EGR system 21 is connected to the exhaust system 20 and an EGR valve 24 controls the amount of exhaust gases supplied to the EGR system 21 in the form of EGR gases. In order to increase the engine power, it is possible to arrange an EGR cooler 22 in the EGR system 21, so that the EGR gases are cooled before they are supplied with the intake air from a compressor 28, which is part of a turbocharger 29. The EGR system 21 is connected to the intake system 18 downstream of the EGR cooler 22 arranged in the EGR system 21 at a connection point 26 where the EGR gases are supplied to the air in the intake system 18. The EGR system 21 is connected to the intake system 18 downstream of the compressor 28, which means that The EGR system 21 is connected on the high pressure side of the compressor 28.
    According to the embodiment shown, the compressor 28 is driven by the exhaust gases of the engine 2 by a turbine 30 arranged in the turbo unit 29, which is connected to the exhaust system 20. The intake system 18 is preferably built up of pipes and hoses 32, which transport the intake ambient air from an intake port. 34 through the compressor 28 and finally to the combustion chamber 14 of the engine 2. The exhaust system 20 is preferably made up of pipes 36, which transport the hot exhaust gases from the combustion chamber 14 of the combustion engine 2, through the turbine 30 and further out to the environment via an exhaust pipe opening 38. EGR The system 21 is also made up of pipes 40 which transport the exhaust gases from a connection point 41 via the EGR valve 24 and the EGR cooler 22 and on to a connection device 42 at the connection point 26 where the EGR gases 25 are supplied to the air in the intake system 18. The EGR the gases 25 are thus supplied and mixed with the intake air at the connection point 26 and are passed on in the intake system 18 to a branch point 44 where the mixed EGR gases 25 and the intake air enter an inlet pipe 46, which leads the mixed EGR gases 25 and the intake air on to resp. combustion chamber 14.
    Fig. 3 is a detail view of Fig. 2 and shows the series expansion device 4 according to the present invention. The turbine 30 includes a turbine inlet 48 and turbine outlet 50 for flowing the exhaust gases to and from the turbine 30. The exhaust system 20 includes a first exhaust pipe 52 connected to the turbine inlet 48 and a second exhaust pipe 54 connected to the turbine outlet 50. A wastegate duct 56 is connected to the first and second exhaust pipes 52, 54, a waste gate valve 58 provided in the wastegate duct 56 being provided for regulating the exhaust gas flow through the wastegate duct 56.
    The purpose of the Wastegate duct 56 is to direct a certain exhaust fume past the turbine 30 in the form of a side fuse for reasons described above.
    A fate limiter 60 is provided in the second exhaust pipe 54. The exhaust gases passing through the turbine 30 and the limiter 60 will expand due to the pressure drop, which means that the size of the turbine 30 can be dimensioned according to the size of the limiter 60 60 in order to obtain a desired expansion through the turbine. des the fate limiting unit 60, which means that the compressor 28, which is driven by the turbine 30, gives the desired charging pressure to the internal combustion engine 2.
    The flow limiting unit 60, which is arranged in the second exhaust pipe 54, is preferably a passive unit without moving components. Thus, the fate limitation unit 60 has a predetermined cross-sectional area Ar, which is smaller than the cross-sectional area Ae of the second exhaust pipe 54. However, it is possible to design the cross-sectional area Ar of the fate limitation unit 60 adjustable by providing it with a control device (not shown), which is connected to a control unit 62. The control unit 62 is also connected to the Wastegate valve 58, so that the desired fate is exerted through the Wastegate channel 56. can be adjusted by setting the Wastegate valve 58 to different positions.
    The Wastegate valve 58 is also used to regulate the drive pressure in the EGR system 21. A precise adjustment of the drive pressure of the EGR system 21 is possible if the Wastegate valve 58 is dimensioned to accurately regulate and limit the exhaust flow through the Wastegate valve 58. By design the Wastegate duct 56 with a cross-sectional area AW which is smaller than the cross-sectional area Ae of the second exhaust pipe 54, the Wastegate valve 58 can be dimensioned so that a fine adjustment of the exhaust flow through the Wastegate duct 56 can be achieved. This results in a good regular performance at both higher and lower speeds of the internal combustion engine 2. The result is that the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine 2 can be limited and that emissions emitted from the internal combustion engine 2 can be kept within desired levels.
    The fate limiting unit 60 of the serial expansion device 4 fl is designed as a throttle with a cross-sectional area Ar, which can be fixed or adjustable. Preferably, the Wastegate channel 56 has a cross-sectional area AW which is equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area Ar of the fate limitation unit 60, which facilitates the fine adjustment of the exhaust gas through the Wastegate channel 56 by means of the Wastegate valve 58.
    Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the Wastegate channel 56 along the section I - I in Fig. 3, and Fig. Shows a cross-sectional view of the fate limitation unit 60 along the section II - II in Fig. 3.
    The cross-sectional area AW of the Wastegate duct 56 is dimensioned to be smaller than both the cross-sectional area Ae of the second exhaust pipe 54 and the cross-sectional area Ar of the fate limiting unit 60, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. Preferably, the Wastegate duct 56, the second exhaust pipe 60 is a circular cross-section, the Wastegate duct 56 having a diameter which is smaller than both the diameters of the second exhaust pipe 54 and the diameter limitation unit 60. However, as mentioned above, the Wastegate channel 56 can be provided with a cross-sectional area AW which is equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area Ar of the fate limiting unit 60, which means that the Wastegate channel 56 could have a diameter equal to or smaller than fl the 60 diameter of the fate limitation unit. It is possible to provide the wastegate duct 56, the second exhaust pipe 54 and the fate limiting unit 60 with an arbitrary cross-sectional shape. The flow limiting unit 60 may have a long or short extension.
    Fig. 6 shows graphs of the speed n of an internal combustion engine 2 in relation to its torque T for a number of different cross-sectional areas Ar1 - Ar3 of the fate limiting unit 60 in the series expansion device 4 according to the present invention. According to the example in Fig. 6, the cross-sectional area Ar1 is larger than the cross-sectional area Ar2, which in turn is larger than the cross-sectional area Ar3. By selecting a given cross-sectional area Ar of the fate limiting unit 60 which best corresponds to optimal turbine efficiency for different operating points of the internal combustion engine 2, a graph is obtained which corresponds, for example, to the graph representing the central center area Ar2 of the fate limiting unit 60. in the second exhaust pipe 54. At any given operating point with respect to torque T and speed n of the internal combustion engine 2, the charge pressure is determined by the torque of a turbocharged internal combustion engine 2, which runs at a mixture ratio between air and fuel corresponding to lambda value 1. When EGR is used, the turbine pressure is determined by the boost pressure plus the necessary drive pressure to drive the EGR fl fate. To obtain optimal drive pressure to drive the EGR fate at a given operating point, the desired exhaust fate through the wastegate channel 56 can be adjusted by setting the wastegate valve 58 to the appropriate position with the controller 62. Since the wastegate valve 58 is dimensioned to accurately regulate and limit the exhaust flow through the wastegate valve 58, a precise adjustment of the drive pressure of the EGR system 21 is enabled. If a fate limit unit 60 with the cross-sectional area Ar2 is arranged in the second exhaust pipe 54 and the combustion engine 2 is run at an operating point P1 corresponding to the speed n1 and the torque T1 in Fig. 6, the desired exhaust fate through the wastegate channel 56 can be adjusted by adjusting the control unit 62. 58 in a position so that the necessary drive pressure to drive the EGR flow is obtained. Thus, the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine 2 will be limited and the friction emitted from the internal combustion engine 2 will be kept within the desired levels.
    As an alternative, it is possible to design the cross-sectional area Ar of the fate limitation unit 60 adjustable. If the internal combustion engine 2 is run at an operating point P1 corresponding to the speed n1 and the torque T1 in Fig. 6, the desired exhaust gas through the Wastegate channel 56 can be adjusted by setting the wastegate valve 58 with the control unit 62 to a position so that the necessary driving pressure to drive the EGR is obtained at the same time as the cross-sectional area of the fate limiting unit 60 is regulated by means of the control unit 62 to a cross-sectional area Arx corresponding to the dashed graph in Fig. 6.
    Fig. 7 shows a fate diagram of a method for controlling an internal combustion engine 2 according to the present invention. The method of the invention comprises the steps of: a) providing the wastegate channel 56 with a cross-sectional area AW which is smaller than the cross-sectional area Ae of the second exhaust pipe 54, and b) directing a wastegate valve 58 arranged in the wastegate channel 56 to a position so that the desired torque T1 of the motor 2 is achieved at a predetermined speed nl.
    The method also comprises the further step: e) controlling the fate limiting unit 60 to a cross-sectional area AX, so that the desired torque T1 of the motor 2 is achieved at a predetermined speed (n1).
    The stated components and features stated above can be combined within the scope of the invention between different specified embodiments.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A series expansion device for a turbine (30) in a turbocharger (29), comprising a turbine inlet (48) and turbine outlet (50) for the flow of exhaust gases to and from the turbine (30), a first exhaust pipe (52) connected to the turbine inlet (48), a second exhaust pipe (54) connected to the turbine outlet (50), a wastegate duct (56) connected to the first and second exhaust pipes (52, 54), and a fate limit unit (60) arranged in the second exhaust pipe (54), characterized in that the wastegate channel (56) has a cross-sectional area (AW) which is smaller than the cross-sectional area (Ae) of the second exhaust pipe (54).
    [2]
    Series expansion device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (AW) of the wastegate channel (56) is equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area (Ar) of the fate limitation unit (60).
    [3]
    Series expansion device according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a wastegate valve (58) arranged in the wastegate duct (56) is adapted for fine adjustment of the exhaust gas flow through the wastegate duct (56).
    [4]
    Serial expansion device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fate limiting unit (60) is a passive unit without moving components.
    [5]
    Serial expansion device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (Ar) of the fate limiting unit (60) is adjustable.
    [6]
    Turbocharger (29), characterized in that it comprises a series expansion device (4) according to claim 1.
    [7]
    Internal combustion engine (2), characterized in that it comprises a turbocharger (29) according to claim 6.
    [8]
    Vehicle (1), characterized in that it comprises an internal combustion engine (2) according to claim 7.
    [9]
    A method of controlling an internal combustion engine (2) with a turbocharger (29), comprising a series expansion device (4), the series expansion device (4) comprising: a turbine inlet (48) and a turbine outlet (50) for the flow of exhaust gases to and from the turbine (30), a first exhaust pipe (52) connected to the turbine inlet (28), a second exhaust pipe (54) connected to the turbine outlet (50), a wastegate duct (56) connected with the first and second exhaust pipes (52, 54), and a fate limit unit (60) arranged in the second exhaust pipe (54), characterized by the steps of: providing the wastegate channel (56) with a cross-sectional area (AW) which is smaller than the cross-sectional area (Ae) of the second exhaust pipe (54), and controlling a wastegate valve (58) arranged in the wastegate duct (56) to a position so that the desired torque (T1) of the engine (2) is achieved at a predetermined speed ( nl).
    [10]
    Method according to claim 9, characterized by the further step: controlling the fate limiting unit (60) to a cross-sectional area (AX), so that the desired torque (T1) of the motor (2) is achieved at a predetermined speed (n1).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2951415B1|2021-10-27|
    WO2014120067A1|2014-08-07|
    BR112015015854A2|2017-07-11|
    SE538907C2|2017-02-07|
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350110A|SE538907C2|2013-01-31|2013-01-31|Serial expansion device for a turbine in a turbo unit connected to an EGR system|SE1350110A| SE538907C2|2013-01-31|2013-01-31|Serial expansion device for a turbine in a turbo unit connected to an EGR system|
    PCT/SE2014/050103| WO2014120067A1|2013-01-31|2014-01-27|Serial expansion device, turbocharger with such device, engine with such turbocharger, vehicle with such engine and method for control of an engine|
    BR112015015854A| BR112015015854A2|2013-01-31|2014-01-27|series expansion device, turbocharger with such a device, engine with such a turbocharger, vehicle with such a engine and method for controlling an engine|
    KR1020157022321A| KR101731007B1|2013-01-31|2014-01-27|Serial expansion device, turbocharger with such device, engine with such turbocharger, vehicle with such engine and method for control of an engine|
    EP14746891.2A| EP2951415B1|2013-01-31|2014-01-27|A combustion engine|
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